ASSIGNMENT-1 CLASS - IX

CLASS-ix , Assignment - 1
LESSON :- MY CHILDHOOD

ANSWERS : --

1.Read the first two paragraphs of the lesson " I was born into a middle class ----------------- both materially and emotionally " and answer the following questions.(পাঠটোৰ প্ৰথম দুটা দফা পঢ়া। পাৰাগ্ৰাফ দুটা ওপৰত উদ্ধৃত কৰা আছে।
আৰু তলৰ প্ৰশ্নসমূহৰ উত্তৰ লিখা।

(a)What were the names of Abdul Kalam's parents?(আব্দুল কালামৰ মাক-দেউতাকৰ নাম কি?)
ANS :- The names of Abdul Kalam's parents were Jainulabdeen and Ashiamma.

b) " ------- despite of these disadvantages ----" Find out the meaning of 'disadvantages'.-----What disadvantages did Abdul Kalam's father have?("---"এইবিলাক অসুবিধাৰ 'disadvantages' স্বত্ত্বেও----- " 'disadvantage' শব্দটোৰ অৰ্থ বিচাৰি উলিওৱা।----- আব্দুল কালামৰ দেউতাকৰ কি অসুবিধা আছিল?
ANS :- The meaning of Disadvantage is a weakness or undesirable characteristics.Disadvantage is a situation in which one is less likely to succeed than others.
             The advantage of Abdul Kalam's father was that he had neither much formal education nor much wealth.

(c)How did Kalam describe his own physical appearance?(কালামে কেনেকৈ তেওঁৰ নিজৰ শাৰীৰিক ৰূপ ৰ বৰ্ণনা কৰিছে?
ANS - Kalam described his own physical appearance.He said that he was a short boy with rather undistinguished looks.But his parents were tall and handsome.

(d)What did Kalam's father avoid in his lifestyle?(কালামৰ দেউতাকে তেখেতৰ জীৱন ধাৰণৰ ৰীতি ৰ ক্ষেত্ৰত কি পৰিত্যাগ কৰি চলিছিল?
ANS - Kalam's father avoided all inessential comforts and luxuries.

2.In paragraph 6 of the lesson we find the story of the new teacher.In paragraph 8 & 9 there is the story of science teacher.Find out the differences between the new teacher and the science teacher.(পাঠটোৰ ৬ নং দফাত আমি নতুন শিক্ষকজনৰ বিষয়ে জানিলো। ৮ আৰু ৯ নং দফাত আমি বিজ্ঞান শিক্ষকজন বিষয়ে জানিলো।এই নতুন শিক্ষক জন আৰু বিজ্ঞান শিক্ষক জনৰ মাজৰ প্ৰাৰ্থক্য বিচাৰি উলিওৱা।
ANS - We found two teachers in the lesson.one is a new techer and other is the science teacher.These two teachers were quite different from each other.The new teacher tried to discriminate students based on their caste and religion while the other was quite opposite.Abdul Kalam was sitting with Ramanadha Sastry,his childhood friend in the front row.The new teacher couldnot tolerate a hindu priest's son sitting with a muslim boy and told Kalam not to sit with the Brahim children of the class.He was asked to go and sit on the back bench.The science teacher behaved him very nicely and invited him to his home for food. When his wife refused to serve food to the Muslim boy, the teacher himself cooked food for Kalam and sat down beside him to eat his meal.Thus he reformed his wife also.The science teacher did his best to break the social barriers so that people from varying backgrounds could mingle easily.

3."Does the Seagull not fly across the sun alone and without nest?What is seagull? Why did Abdul Kalam's father give examples of seagull?((নিজৰ বাঁহ ত নাথাকি Seagull( গংগা-চিলনী) চৰায়ে প্ৰখৰ ৰ'দত ইফালৰ পৰা সিফাললৈ উৰি নাথাকে জানো?Seagull কি?আব্দুল কালামৰ দেউতাকে কিয় seagull ৰ উদাহৰণ দিছিল?
ANS - Seagull is a bird that lives near the sea and has short legs, long wings,and white and grey feathers.
              Abdul Kalam's father gave the examples of seagull because Kalam sought permission for higher studies from his father.Kalam's father knew that Kalam had grown then.He could  do anything alone what he wished.So he gave the example of seagull and permissioned him.

Assignment 1 Class X

Assignment 1 : Class- X

1.Coorgi are hospitality by nature.explain.(কোৰ্গী সকল স্বভাৱগত ভাবেই অতিথিপৰাণ । ব্যাখ্যা কৰা।)

Ans:- Coorgi are hospitality by nature.They have a tradition of hospitality.Their friendly behaviour is loved by all.They are well-behaved people and they always welcome the guests.They are very brave.They love to do adventure works like rappeling,rock climbing,mountain biking etc.They receive the maximum number of awards for bravery in war.They tell people about the stories of courage and bravery,usually of wars.The Coorg regiment is one of the most decorated in the Indian Army.

2.Why are the people of Coorg known as descendants of the Arabs?(কোৰ্গৰ মানুহ বিলাকক কিয় আৰৱ সকলৰ বংশধৰ বুলি জনা যায়?

Ans:- The peoole of Coorg are known as descendants of Arabs because the dress 'Kuppia' worn by them is resemble with the dress 'kuffia' worn by the Arabs.Kuppia is a long black coat with an embroidered waist belt.it is resemble with kuffia.

3.The people of Coorg have a tradition of courage and bravery.How has it been recognised in modern India?(কোৰ্গ ৰ ব্যক্তিসকলৰ সাহস আৰু বীৰত্ব এক ঐতিহ্য আছে।আধুনিক ভাৰতত ইয়াৰ স্বীকৃতি কেনেদৰে দিয়া হৈছে?)

Ans:- The people of Coorg have a tradition of courage and bravery.They love to do adventure works like rock climbing,mountain biking,rappelling etc.They receive the maximum numbers of awards for bravery in war.The Coorg regiment is one of the most decorated in the Indian Army.Even now Kodavus are  the only people in India permitted to carry firearms without a licence.In this way the tradition of courage and bravery of the people of Coorg has been recognised in modern India.

4.Read the last paragraph of the chapter 'Coorg' and transform the whole paragraph to simple past tense.(কোৰ্গ পাঠটিৰ শেষৰ দফা টো পঢ়া আৰু গোটেই দফাটো Past Tense ত লিখা।

Ans:- The climb to the Brahmagiri hills brought you into a panaromic view of the entire misty landscape of Coorg.A walk across the rope bridge led to the sixty-four-acre island of Nisargadhama.Running into Buddist monks from India's largest Tibbetan settlement , at nearby Bylakuppe,was a bonus.The monks,in red,ochre, and yellow robes ,were amongst the many surprises that wait to be discovered by visitors searching for the heart and soul of India,right here in Coorg.

5.Why does the author call Coorg a piece of heaven that must have drifted from the kingdom of God?(লেখকে কিয় কোৰ্গ ক ভগৱান ৰ ৰাজ্যৰ পৰা উৰি অহা এটুকুৰা স্বৰ্গপূৰী বুলি কৈছে?

Ans:- The author call Coorg a piece of  heaven that must have drifted from the kingdom of God because it is a very beautiful place.The natural scenery of Coorg is very beautiful.This land of rolling hill is inhabited by a proud race of martial men,beautiful women and wild creatures.Coorg is home to evergreen rainforests spices and coffee plantation.The season of Joy commences in Coorg from September and continues till March and visitors also arrives at this time.The weather is perfect with some showers thrown in for good measures during this time.From the Brahmagiri hill one can see the panaromic view of the entire misty landscape of Coorg.

HOME ASSIGNMENT 1.CLASS -VIII

HOME ASSIGNMENT 1.CLASS -VIII

Chapter 3 - Explore India:Quiz Time

1.Find out the direct questions asked to every team which they could not answer .Then write down the correct answers of the particular questions.(প্ৰতিটো দল ক সোধা প্ৰত্যক্ষ প্ৰশ্ন বিলাক বিচাৰি উলিওৱা যিবিলাকৰ উত্তৰ দলসমুহে দিব পৰা নাছিল।লগতে সেইবিলাক প্ৰশ্নৰ শুদ্ধ উত্তৰবিলাক লিখা।

ANS - The direct questions asked to every team which they could not answer are given below along with the answers ---

a)The Quizmaster asked to Team E,"what is the other name for India?
Ans - Bharat or Bharatvarsha.

b)The Quizmaster asked to 

Team C,"What does the saffron signify?
Ans-The safron signifies courage and sacrifice.

c)The Quizmaster asked to Team B,"What is the navy blue wheel in the centre of the white band of the flag called and what does it indicate?
Ans - The navy blue wheel is called the Ashok Chakra or Dharma Chakra.It has twenty spokes.It signifies that there is life in movement and death in stagnation.

d)The Quizmaster asked to team B,"Do you know in which state Porbandar is located?"
Ans - Gujarat.

e)The Quizmaster asked to Team A,"Which place is known for the historic Salt March by Gandhiji  in 1930?
Ans - Dandi in Gujrat.

f)The Quizmaster asked to Team C,"What is the ancient name of Patna,the capital of Bihar?
Ans - Patliputra.

g)Direct question to Team B,"These two cave temples are famous for their sculptures and paintings,located near Aurangabad in Maharastra.Name them.
Ans- Ajanta and Ellora.

h)Direct question to Team E,"It was built in 1193 by Qutubuddin Aibak,located in south Delhi.What is it?
Ans- The Qutub Miner.

i)Direct question to team D,"Name the national tree of India?
Ans - The Banyan tree (Borgos in assamese).

j)Direct question to Team A,"What is India's national flower?
Ans - The lotus.

K)Direct question to team B,"We know that the national anthem of India 'Jana Gana Mana' was composed by Rabindranath Tagore.When was it adopted as the national anthem?"
Ans - On 24 th January,1950.


2.Pick out at least two or three sentences from the lesson about each of the following -
a)Talatal ghor, (b)our national flag,
c)Mahatma Gandhi (d)The Tajmahal
(তলত উল্লেখ কৰা বিষয়সমূহৰ ওপৰত দুশাৰী বা তিনিশাৰী কৈ পাঠটোৰ পৰা লিখা।)
ANS -(a)Talatal Ghor :-The 'Talatal Ghar' was built by the Ahom kings.It was situated in Rangpur which was the old name of Sivasagar.
(b)Our National Anthem :- Our National Anthem 'Jana Gana Mana was composed by Rabundranath Tagore.It was adopted as the national anthem on 24 th January,1950.
c)Mahatma Gandhi :- Mahatma Gandhi Started the historic 'Salt March' in 1930.Dandi in Gujarat is the place known for this historic Salt March.
d)The Tajmahal:-The Tajmahal is the famous marble stone monument located at Agra.Shahjahan built it in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal.

3.There are some remarkable date or years indicated in the following .Read out the lesson and find out its significance.
(a)1228,(b)1193,(c)24 th January 1950
(তলত কিছুমান উল্লেখযোগ্য তাৰিখ বা চন উল্লেখ কৰা হ'ল।পাঠ টো পঢ়া আৰু ইয়াৰ তাৎপৰ্য বিচাৰি উলিওৱা।
(ক)১২২৮,(খ)১১৯৩,(গ)১৯৫০ চনৰ ২৪ জানুৱাৰী
Ans :-The significance of the date or years are given below --
(a) 1228 :- Sukapha came to Assam.
(b) 1193 :- The Qutub Minar was built
in 1193 by Qutubuddin Aibak.It was located in South Delhi.
(c) 24 th January 1950 :- The national anthem of India 'Jana Gana Mana' was composed by Rabindranath Tagore.It was adopted as the nationla anthem on 24 th January,1950.

4.Read out the instructions given in the activity 6 of the lesson at page 44 and write questions to which each of the following sentences are answers.(কিতাপৰ 44 পৃষ্ঠা ত থকা কাৰ্য - 6 ত দিয়া নিৰ্দেশাৱলী সমূহ পঢ়া আৰু উত্তৰ সমূহৰ বাবে প্ৰশ্ন যুগুত কৰা।)
Ans :-
(a) You will get ten marks for a direct question.
Ans - How many marks will you get for a direct question ?
(b)Guru Ram Das built the Golden Temple.
Ans- Who built the Golden Temple ?
(c)Kaziranga is famous for the one horned rhino.
ANS - Why is Kaziranga famous?

NARRATION (উক্তি)

Narration:-কোনো ব্যক্তি বা বক্তাৰ বক্তব্য বা কথাকেই উক্তি (Narration) বোলে।

Narration 2 প্ৰকাৰ :-
a)Direct Narration (প্ৰত্যক্ষ উক্তি)
b) Indirect Narration (পৰোক্ষ উক্তি)

DIRECT NARRATION:-বক্তাই নিজে কোৱা কথা বা বক্তব্য ই হৈছে direct narration বা প্ৰত্যক্ষ উক্তি। Direct Narration ত বক্তাই কোৱা কথা খিনি হুবহু ৰূপত  উদ্ধৃত কৰাহয়।

INDIRECT NARRATION:- বক্তাই কোৱা কথাখিনি আনে যদি নিজৰ কথাৰে প্ৰকাশ কৰে,তাকে Indirect narration বা পৰোক্ষ উক্তি বোলা হয়।

DIRECT NARRATION ৰ পৰা INDIRECT NARRATION লৈ পৰিবৰ্তন কৰাৰ কিছুমান নিয়ম আছে।

আমি নিয়মসমূহ জনাৰ আগত কেইটামান কথা জানি লব লাগিব।সেইকেইটা হ'ল--
a) reporting speech,
b) reporting verb,
c) reported speech,
d) reported verb.

আমি এটা বাক্যৰ দ্বাৰা এইবিলাক জানো আহা।

He said to me,"I did the work yesterday."

এই বাক্যটোত --
He said to me, = Reporting speech.
said = Reporting verb.
He = Reporting speech ৰ SUBJECT.
me = Reporting speech ৰ  OBJECT.

"I did the work yesterday" = Reported speech.

did = Reported verb.

I = Reported speech ৰ SUBJECT.
the work = Reported speech ৰ OBJECT.

Yesterday = time expression ( সময়সূচক)

              প্ৰত্যক্ষ উক্তি (direct speech ) এটা ৰ প্ৰথম অংশ ক কোৱা হয় Reporting Speech. Reporting speech ত থকা verb টোক reporting verb বুলি কোৱা হয়।যেনে ওপৰৰ বাক্যটোত He said to me, অংশ টো reporting speech.ইয়াত থকা verb (said) টোক reporting Verb বোলে।
                Direct Narration এটাৰ দ্বিতীয় অংশ ক কোৱা হয় Reported Speech.
এই অংশটো inverted comma ( "          " ) ৰ ভিতৰত থাকে। ইয়াত থকা verb টোক reported verb বুলি কোৱা হয়।যেনে ওপৰৰ বাক্যটোত "I did the work yesterday "  অংশ টো reported speech । ইয়াত থকা verb টো ( did) ক Reported Verb বোলে।

Direct narration ৰ পৰা indirect narration লৈ পৰিবৰ্তন কৰাৰ নিয়ম --

1.Reporting speech ত কোনো Object থাকিলে reporting verb টো said ৰ পৰিৱৰ্তে told কৰা হয় আৰু যদি object নাথাকে,তেতিয়া said ৰ পৰিবৰ্তন নহয়। ঠিক সেইদৰে say টো tell কৰা হয়,says টো tells কৰা হয়। যেনে --

i)He said to me,"I did the work yesterday." (direct)
Ans:-He told me that he had done the work the day before. (indirect)

ওপৰত direct ৰ পৰা indirect লৈ পৰিবৰ্তন কৰা বাক্যটো চালে দেখা পাবা যে --
He said to me, ইয়াত me টো Reporting speech টো ৰ object । সেয়ে indirect narration লৈ পৰিবৰ্তন কৰিলে পাঁ‌ও --

He said to me, = He told me

ii) They say to me"We can do it."
Ans:-They tell me that they can do that.

iii) He says to me"I like sweet."
Ans:- He tells me that he likes sweet.


2) কমা (    ,     ) ৰ ঠাইত that বহে। That হৈছে এটা conjunction বা সংযোজক অব্যয়।

3) Reported Speech ত থকা উৰ্দ্ধকমা (Inverted comma ) ( "          "  )  উঠি যায়।

4) Reporting speech ৰ Subject আৰু Object অনুসৰি Reported Speech ৰ Subject আৰু object Pronoun বিলাকৰ পৰিবৰ্তন হয়।যেনে--

Direct = Indirect

I = He,she,
We = they,
You = I,he,she,we,they
He = he
She = she
It =it
My = his,her
Me = him,her
Our = their

5) Reporting Verb টো past tense ৰ হ'লে reported speech ৰ Tense ৰ পৰিবৰ্তন হয়।
                           OR
Reporting verb ৰ Tense অনুসৰি Reported Speech ৰ  Tense ৰ পৰিবৰ্তন হয়।
                          OR
Reporting verb ৰ tense অনুসৰি  reported verb ৰ tense ৰ পৰিবৰ্তন হয়।

Reported speech ৰ TENSE ৰ পৰিবৰ্তন :----

         Direct  ---------------- - Indirect

Present idefinite --------- past indefinite

present continuous----past continuous

Present perfect -------------- past perfect

present perfect coninuous -----
                        ---- past perfect continuos

Past Indefinite --------------- past perfect

past continuous ----------------
-----------------------past perfect continuous

Past perfect ----------------------- no change

past perfect continuous ---- no change

Shall/Will ---------------- Would
Can ------------------- could
May ----------------- might

5) Reporting verb টো present বা future tense হ'লে reported speech ৰ tense ৰ পৰিবৰ্তন নহয়।যেনে:---

i)He says,"I can do it"
Ans:-He says that he can do it.
ii) She says,"I did a good job."
Ans:- He says that he did a good job.

6) Reported speech টো যদি চিৰসত্য ঘটনা (Universal truth),সঁ‌চা কথা, অভ্যাসগত কাম (habitual work) হয়,তেতিয়া tense ৰ পৰিবৰ্তন নহয়।যেনে :-

i) The teacher said to the students," The earth moves round the sun."
Ans:- The teacher told the students that the earth moves round the sun.
ii) He said,"I always write with my left hand."
Ans:- He said that he always writes with his left hand.

7) Reported speech ত থকা সময়সূচক (time expression) বা adverbs of time,adverbs of place আদি বুজোৱা শব্দ বিলাকৰ পৰিবৰ্তন হয়।

Direct ------------- Indirect

Now -------then,
Today-----Thatday,
To-night ------ That night

Yesterday------------
----------The day before,the previous day,

last month ---The previous month 
last year ----the previous year.
Tomorrow --the next day,
Next month --- The following month,
Next year --- The following year.
Ago --------------- before
This ------------ that
These ---------- those
It ------------------ that
Here -------------- there
Come ------------- go


a) He said to me,"I play cricket".
Ans:-He told me that he played cricket.
b)She said to me,"I am reading a novel."
Ans:-She told me that she was reading a novel.
c) The boy said,"I have done the work."
Ans:- The boy said that he had done the work.
d) Kankana said, "My mother has been cooking for two hours."
Ans:-Kankana said that her mother had been cooking for two hours.
e) The boy said to the girl,"I bought it for you."
Ans':- The boy told the girl that he had bought that for her.
f) He said to me,"I was playing then."
Ans:- He told me that he had been playing then.
g) The man said,"I had done it."
Ans:- The man said that he had done that.
h) She said,"I had been doing the work for two hours."
Ans :-She said that she had been doing the work for two hours.
i)He said,"I shall do the work tomorrow."
Ans:- He said that he would do the work the next day.
j) The boy said,"My friend will meet me next week."
Ans :- The boy said that his friend would meet him the following week.
k) The boy said to the old man,"I can help you."
Ans:- The boy told the old man that he could help him.


                      HOMEWORK
       Change the form of narration:--

1. He said,"I shall post the letter tomorrow."
2. Anil said,I made some money yesterday."
3. He said to me,"I saw you yesterday."
4. I said to him,"I visited Delhi last year."
5. Rina said,"I have finished my work."
6. She said to me,"I do not know you."
7. Arun says,"I know how to play football."
8. Atul said to me,"I bought a new camera yesterday."
9. Amal said to me,"I can easily cure the patient."
10. The teacher said to the girl,"I have no time to teach you."
11. My mother said,"we should help him."
12.Bipul said to me,"A coward has no right to live."
13.You said to them,"You will meet me tomorrow."
14.Mother said to father,"I want a help from you."
15.The gentleman said to the boy,"You will come tomorrow to meet me."

INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE (প্ৰশ্নবোধক বাক্য) :- 

Interrogative sentence ৰ Narration change কৰোঁ‌তে 

আমি মন কৰিব লাগিব যে Reported Speech ত কি ধৰণৰ প্ৰশ্ন ৰ অৱতাৰনা কৰিছে।দুই ধৰণৰ প্ৰশ্ন আছে

i)Yes-No type question 

ii) Wh question .

Yes-no type ৰ প্ৰশ্নবোৰৰ উত্তৰ yes নাইবা no ৰে দিব পাৰি।কিন্তু Wh question বিলাকৰ উত্তৰ yes বা no ৰে দিব নোৱাৰি।Yes- No type questions বিলাক Auxiliary verb ( সহায়কাৰী ক্ৰিয়া) ৰে আৰম্ভ হয়।আনহাতে Wh question বিলাক Wh word যেনে who,which,what,when,

whom আদিৰে আৰম্ভ হয়।

Inerrogative sentence ৰ Narration Change কৰোঁ‌তে ---

a) Reporting Verb টো Said ৰ পৰিবৰ্তে asked বা enquired of কৰা হয়।

b)কমা(,)ৰ ঠাইত if বা whether ব্যবহাৰ কৰা হয় যদিহে Reported Speech ৰ উত্তৰ Yes বা no ৰে দিব পাৰি।

c)যদি reported speech টো Wh word ৰে আৰম্ভ হয়,তেতিয়া কমা (,) ৰ ঠাইত Wh word টোৱেই ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।এনে বাক্যত if বা whether ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা নহয়।

d) Reported speech ত subject টো আগলৈ অনা হয় আৰু auxiliary verb টো Subject ৰ পিছত বহুওৱা হয়।প্ৰশ্নবোধক চিন উঠি যায়।বাক্যৰ শেষত full stop (.) ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।

e)Reporting verb টো Past tense ৰ হ'লে Reported Speech ৰ Tense ৰ পৰিবৰ্তন হয়।

Change the form of narration ---

a)He said to me,"Can you do the work?"

Ans:- He asked me if I could do the work.

              or

He enquired of me whether I could do the work.

               Or 

He asked me whether I could do the work.

               Or

He enquired of me if I could do the work.

2.I said to him,"Are you playing football?"

Ans:- I asked him if he was playing football.

3)They said to him,"Will  you help us?"

Ans:- They asked him if he would help them.

4)She said to the boy,"When will you meet me again?"

Ans:- She asked the boy when he would meet her  again.

5) I said to her,"What is your name?"

Ans:- I asked her what her name was.

Imperative Sentence

(আদেশ,উপদেশ,অনুৰুধ আদি বুজোৱা বাক্য)

Imperative Sentence ৰ Narration Change ৰ নিয়ম :- 

a) Reported Speech ৰ অৰ্থ  অনুসৰি Reporting Verb টো said ৰ পৰিবৰ্তে  ordered,requested,

advised,Commanded,told,asked  আদি কৰা হয়।

b) কমা (,) ৰ ঠাইত to ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।

1) He said to him,"Go to the market at once."

Ans:- He ordered him to go to the market at once.

2)He said to the boy,"Always speak the truth."

Ans:- He advised the boy to always speak the truth.

3) I said to him,"Please give me a glass of water."

Ans:- I requested him to give me a glass of water.

4)The Captain said to the soldiers,"March Forward."

Ans:- The Captain commanded the soldiers to march forward.

5)He said to me,"Take this book."

Ans:- He told me to take that book."

Exercises

Narration (Imperative Sentence) 

(of textbook class viii.page no 28)

a)The poet said to the old man,"Feel the cool breeze on your face."

Ans:- The poet told the old man to feel the cool breeze on his face.

b) The man said to me,"Listen to the gurgling of that little baby."

Ans:- The man told me to listen to the gurgling of that little baby.

c) The teacher said to us,"Enjoy your holidays."

Ans:- The teacher told us to enjoy our holidays.

d)She said to me,"Tell me your mobile phone number."

Ans:- She asked me to tell  

her my mobile number.

e) My mother tells us,"Always obey your teachers."

Ans:- My mother advises us to always obey our teachers.

f) I said to him,"Come to our house tomorrow."

Ans:- I told him to come to our house the next day.

g)She said to me,"Get me a glass of water,please."

Ans:- She requested me to get her a glass of water.

h) The man said to me,"Please close the gate."

Ans:- The man requested me to close the gate.

Homewok Ans

Homework answer 

Change the form of Narration.

1. I said, "I bought it yesterday."

Ans:- I said that I had bought that the day before.

2.I said to Geeta, "Can you ride a bicycle?"

Ans:- I asked Geeta if she could ride a bicycle.

3.The teacher said,"The earth is round."

Ans:- The teacher said that the earth is round.

4.Anil said, "I made some money yesterday."

Ans:- Anil said that he had made some money the day before.

5.The mechanic said, "I will repair your car tomorrow."

Ans:- The mechanic said that he would repair my car the next day.

6.The man said to me, "Are you a student?"

Ans:- The man asked me if I was a student.

7. He said to me,"I know you." 

Ans :- He told me that he knew me.

8. He asked me if I could help him.

Ans :- He said to me,"Can you help me?"

9.I said,"What a fool I am!"

Ans:- I exclaimed with sorrow that I was a great fool.

              Or

I exclaimed with regret that I was a great fool.

10.The teacher said to me,"Spell the word naughty."

Ans:- The teacher told me to spell the word naughty.

Correct Tense forms:-

Put correct tense form of the

following.


Coronavirus (be) a newly discovered virus.It already (cover) more than 215 countries affecting about more than 4.6 million people across the globe . More than 1.7 million people (recover) till now and 3.8 lakh have died.Our civilization (seem) to be a puppet in the hands of this tiny creature . India is now (work) in a war footing to fight this invisible enemy . As there is no medicine to check this monster.So people are (ask) to maintain the preventive measures only like maintaining social distancing and washing hand frequently etc. The Prime Minister of India already (declare) lockdown 4 nationwide so that social distancing is strictly (maintain) . We should be highly sensible in this crucial hour . If we (take) care of today, God (take) care of us tomorrow . Hope this pandemic (cease) soon and normal life could be (resume) .

ANSWER:-Coronavirus is a newly discovered virus.It has already covered more than 215 countries affecting about more than 4.6 million people across the globe . More than 1.7 million people have recovered till now and 3.8 lakh have died.Our civilization is seemed to be a puppet in the hands of this tiny creature . India is now working in a war footing to fight this invisible enemy . As there is no medicine to check this monster.So people are asked to maintain the preventive measures only like maintaining social distancing and washing hand frequently etc. The Prime Minister of India has already declared lockdown 4 nationwide so that social distancing is strictly maintained . We should be highly sensible in this crucial hour . If we take care of today, God will take care of us tomorrow . Hope this pandemic will be ceased soon and normal life could be resumed.

Determiners HSLC (2007-2020)

Deteminers : HSLC (2007-2020)

& ADDITIONAL Questions.

Fill in the blanks with the right determiners: 

1. H.S.L.C. 2007

(a) He has a few friends who stand by him. (few/ a few/the few)

(b) Did you have any difficulty in finding the house?

(c) His brother is a university student. (a/an/the)

(d) I appreciate even the little help they gave me. (little/a

little/the little)

(e) An umbrella is a useful thing. (a/an/the)

2. H.S.L.C. 2008

(a) Many guests were invited but only a few turned up. (few/ a

few/the few)

(b) This is the European lady I was talking about. (a/an/the)

(c) I cannot give you any money.

(d) We found the house without much difficulty.

(many/more/much)

(e) Sri Lanka is an island. (a/an/the)

(f) Each of the boys was rewarded.

3. H.S.L.C. 2009 

(a) He gave away the little money he had to the beggar. (little/a

little/the little)

(b) Reading is a useful hobby. (a/an/the)

(c) Only a few of the candidates were suitable. (few/ a few/the

few)

(d) They won the game without much difficulty.

(many/more/much)

(e) Each of the competitors will get a certificate.

4. H.S.L.C. 2010

(a) My brother is an N.C.C. cadet. (a/an/the)

(b) First, read the few books you have.

(c) Many of the oranges were rotten.

(d) Socrates gave much useful advice to his pupils.

(e) Hurry up! We have only a little time left.

(f) The workers decided to form a union.

5. H.S.L.C. 2011

(a) The painter is a man of few words.

(b) An honorary secretary gets no salary for holding a post.

(c) Each of the candidates must produce her/his identity.

(d) India won the match with a little bit of luck.

6. H.S.L.C. 2012

(a) Few men are free from faults.

(b) An hour has passed since he left us.

(c) Each of the students will be given a copy of the magazine.

(d) Please give me the little money you have.

7. H.S.L.C. 2013

(a) He will come back within an hour.

(b) Few men are free from faults.

(c) Leap year falls in every fourth year.

(d) A little learning is a dangerous.

8. H.S.L.C. 2014

(a) I gave a one rupee note to the beggar.

(b) My father is much older than my mother.

(c) I buy a few books every month.

(d) I need the little money I have.

9. H.S.L.C. 2015

(a) Please give me a little time to finish the work.

(b) Then I will take you to the university.

10. H.S.L.C. 2016 | SEBA | DETERMINERS

(a) Ramen comes home twice a month. (a/an/the)

(b) Mr. Bell rang the bell of alarm and I woke up. (a/an/the)

(c) A busy person has little time to waste. (little/a little/the little)

 

(d) Only a few of the applicants were found suitable. (few/ a

few/the few)

11. H.S.L.C. 2017

(a) My brother is an NCC cadet.

(b) We found the house without much difficulty.

(c) He has to feed family with the little money he earns.

(d) Our principal is a man of few words.

12. H.S.L.C. 2018

(a) The rich are not always unkind.

(b) The principal gave the students much sound advice.

(c) Every school has a union of the students.

(d) Is there any coffee left in the pot?

13. H.S.L.C. 2019

(a) My brother had gone an hour ago.

(b) A busy person has little time to waste.

(c) The classes started after the bell had rung.

(d) Much of their property was lost in the flood.

14. H.S.L.C. 2020

(a) They won the match without much difficulty.

(b) Reading is a useful hobby.

(c) I gave him the few books I had.

(d) Kalidas is the Shakespeare of India.

15. ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS

 1. He received much help from his teachers. (many/more/much)

 2. I can depend upon the few friends I have. (few/ a few/the few)

3. A little guidance from you will be enough for me. (little/a

little/the little)

 4. My brother is studying in a European university. (a/an/the)

 5. A few of my friends helped much me in my distress. (few/ a

few/the few)

 6. A union leader will address the workers. (a/an/the)

 7. He gave me a one rupee note. ( a/an/the)

 8. Can you lend me a few books? (few/ a few/the few)

 9. He is much older than his wife. (many/more/much)

10. He will stay here for a little while. (little/a little/the little)

11. Each of the boys has done his work. (every/some/each)

12. She has lots of things to do. (lots of/much/most)

13. I cannot give you any money. (any/some/a little)

14. Our principal is a man of few words. (few/ a few/the few)

15. She does not get much time for her studies.

(many/more/much)

16. My brother is an N.C.C. cadet. (a/an/the)

17. This story is very interesting. (much/more/very)

18. He has to feed his family with the little money he earns.

(little/a little/the little)

19. Rajnikant is called the Scott of Assam. (a/an/the)

20. This is the room I work in. (a/an/the)

21. Many of the apples were rotten. (many/more/much)

22. I expect a little encouragement from you. (little/a

little/the little)

23. The workers decided to form a union. (a/an/the)

24. Did you buy any bread yesterday? (some/any/many)

 

25. Do have any books on astrology? (some/any/many)

26. You will have to manage with the little money you have?

(little/a little/the little)

27. An undergraduate cannot apply for that post. (a/an/the)

28. That girl has many good qualities. (much/more/many)

29. Can you help me with a little money? (little/ a little/the

little)

30. Our principal is a man of few words. (few/ a few/the few)

31. Did you buy any oranges today? (any/some/many)

32. Our teacher gave us many useful advice.

(much/more/many)

33. Kalidas is the Shakespeare of India. (a/an/the)

34. He has a few friends who stand by him. (few/ a few/the

few)

35. Did you have any difficulty in finding the house?

(much/any/many)

36. His brother is a university student. (a/an/the)

37. I appreciate even the little help they gave me. (little/ a

little/the little)

38. An umbrella is a useful thing. (a/an/the)

39. Have you any book to read? (some/any/many)

40. Many guests were invited, but only a few turned up. (few/

a few/the few)

41. This is the European lady I was talking about. (a/an/the)

42. I cannot give you any money. (any/some/a little)

43. We found the house without much difficulty.

(much/more/many)

44. Sri Lanka is an island. (a/an/the)

45. Each of the boys was rewarded. (every/some/each)

46. He gave away the little money he had to the beggar.

(little/ a little/the little)

47. Reading is a useful hobby. (a/an/the)

48. Only a few of the candidates were suitable. (few/ a

few/the few)

49. They won the match without much difficulty.

(much/more/many)

50. Each of the competitors will get a certificate.

(every/any/each)

51. I don’t expect any help from them. (some/any/many)

52. My brother is an N.C.C. cadet. (a/an/the)

53. First read the few books you have with you. (few/ a

few/the few)

54. Many of the oranges were rotten. (much/more/many)

55. Socrates gave much useful advice to his pupils.

(much/more/many)

56. Hurry up! We have only a little time left. (little/ a

little/the little)

57. The workers decided to form a union. (a/an/the)

58. The painter is man of few words. (few/ a few/the few)

 

59. An honorary secretary gets no salary for holding the post.

(a/an/the)

60. There is some water in the glass.

61. I will give you a useful hint. (a/an/the)

62. My father is an honourable man. (a/an/the)

63. I am much older than you.

64. She bought the few books she needed. (few/ a few/the

few)

65. With a little help from you, I can do the job. (little/ a

little/the little)

66. This is a slip of the tongue.

67. I have two sisters, neither is tall. (none/neither)

68. Do not neglect the poor. (a/an/the)

69. He will be back in an hour. (a/an/the)

70. He drives much carefully. (much/many/lots of)

71. Will you visit our home for a few days? (few/ a few/the

few)

72. I am looking for a ewe. (a/an/the)

73. Reading is a useful hobby. (a/an/the)

74. She is much younger than her husband.

75. Don’t neglect the illiterates. (a/an/the)

76. There are only a few girls in the class. (few/ a few/the

few).

77. I belong to neither party because both the parties

78. A few of the pencils were broken. (few/ a few/the few)

79. There is a university in Guwahati. (a/an/the)

80. The elephant is a large animal. (a/an/the)

81. I am much older than you.

82. Switzerland is a European country. (a/an/the)

83. We have only a few minutes to spare. (few/ a few/the few)

84. Only a few pupils are there in the class. (few/ a few/the

few)

85. My father is an honorable man. (a/an/the)

86. There are only a few girls in our school. (few/ a few/the

few)

87. I can depend on the few friends I have. (few/ a few/the

few)

88. We shall stay here for a little while. (little/ a little/the

little)

89. This is a slip of the longer. (a/an/the)

90. I have two sisters; neither is tall. (none/neither)

91. The army was called in to restore peace. (a/an/the)

 

92. Only a few pupils are there in the class. (Few/ a few/the

few).

93. There are just a few apples left. (few/ a few/the few)

94. Bimal does not get much time for studies.

95. They had only a little money left. (little/ a little/the

little).

96. He drives his car at a uniform speed.

97. Tajmahal is a Mughal marvel. It is one of the great wonders

of the world. It is a love story told in marbles. Emperor Shah

Jahan Built the Tajmahal for his queen Mamtaz Mahal. Many

tourists visit this historical monument every day.

98. Many students come to enjoy the show. I have little time

for it. Are there any audiences in the cultural show? He is

much tired and cannot go.

Article -Class Viii

                      (Class  Viii)

                (English Grammer)

                                                       21-04-2020
Article-a,an,the

A ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ:-

@ Consonant ৰে আৰম্ভ হোৱা শব্দৰ  আগত a article বহে।যেনে

-a man,a pen,a mango etc.

ইয়াত man শব্দটোত আৰম্ভণিতে consonant 
M আছে।সেয়ে a article বহিছে।

@Double vowel  ৰ উচ্চাৰণ হ'লে বা শব্দৰ আৰম্ভণিতে ইউ,ওৱা,ৱা আদিৰ দৰে উচ্চাৰণ হ'লে  a article বহে।যেনে-A union,a university,a unanimius decision,a European lady,a one rupee note,a one eyed man etc.

an ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ:-

@শব্দৰ প্ৰথম আখৰ vowel হ'লে an article বহে।(vowel-a,e,i,o,u.)।যেনে-An apple,an ant,an elephant etc.

@শব্দৰ আৰম্ভণিতে consonant  থাকিলেও যদি consonant টোৰ উচ্চাৰণ নহয়,যদি শব্দটো উচ্চাৰণ কৰোঁ‌তে আৰম্ভণিতে vowel উচ্চাৰণ হয়,তেতিয়া an article বহে।যেনে -

an honest man,an honourable person,an hour ago etc.

@সংক্ষিপ্তাকাৰ কিছুমান শব্দৰ আগত an article বহে । এইবিলাক শব্দৰ আৰম্ভণিতে vowel উচ্চাৰণ হয়।যেনে -an M.L.A ,an  MBBS doctor,An Mp,An M.A etc

@@@The  Article ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ@@@-

পৰ্বতশ্ৰেণীৰ নামৰ আগত-

 The Himalayas,The Alps etc

পাহাৰ - The Nilachal hill,

নদী -The Brahmaputra,The Ganga etc.

সাগৰ -  The Arabian sea.,

মহাসাগৰ -The pacific ocean, The Atlantic Ocean,The Indian ocean etc

গ্নন্থ,,ধৰ্মগ্ৰন্থ,মহাকাব্য -The Ramayana,The Mahabharata,The Bible,The Koran etc.

বিশ্ববিখ্যাত সংস্থা- U.N.O (United Nations Organisation),

বাতৰি কাকত -The Assam Tribune,

বিশেষ অৰ্থপূৰ্ণ দেশ,প্ৰদেশ -The U.S.A ,The U.K , The Punjab etc.

এটা বস্তুৰ অস্তিত্ব - the sun,the moon,the earth,the sky etc

জাতিৰ নামৰ আগত - The Assamese,the English,The French etc,

ঐতিহাসিক ঘটনা,যুদ্ধ - The French Revolution,The First World War etc.

বিশ্ববিখ্যাত অট্টালিকা,প্ৰাসাদ -

 The Tajmahal,

নিৰ্দিষ্টকৈ বুজবলৈ- This is the man I met Yesterday .(অৰ্থাৎ কালি মই লগ পোৱা মানুহ জন এইজনেই।ইয়াত মনুহজনক নিৰ্দিষ্টকৈ দেখুৱাই দিছে ।)

Superlative Degree r শব্দৰ আগত - 

i)He is the best boy in our class.

ii)The Brahmaputra is the longest river in assam..

Vocabulary-শব্দসম্ভাৰ

Vocabulary-(শব্দসম্ভাৰ,শব্দকোশ,শব্দসূচী,শব্দৰ ভঁ‌ৰাল।)

1.Alter (পৰিবৰ্তন কৰা):-He altered his plan.

Altar(বেদী,পুজা বা যজ্ঞৰ বেদী):-

a.The lady lit a lamp at the alter.

b.He prayed in front of the altar.

c.She knelt down before the altar.

2.Access (প্ৰবেশ,প্ৰবেশাধিকাৰ,প্ৰবেশ পথ):-

a.The government restricted access to the road because of Korona Virus.

b.This gate allows access to the zoo.

c.Any man with an Identity Card has access to that office.

Excess (অধিক,আধিক্য,অতিৰিক্ত):-

a.The Girl is suffering from an excess of sress.

b.Excess of everything is bad.

3.Adapt (উপযোগী কৰা,মিলা,ৰজিতা খোৱা):-

a.This book has been adapted to the needs of the pupil.

b.We should adopt ourselves in any situation.

c.The girls knew how to adapt herself in that situation.

Adopt (অৱলম্বন কৰা,তুলি তালি ডাঙৰ- দীঘল কৰা):-

a.He has decided to adopt a child.

b.Students shouldn't adopt unfair means in the examination.

Adept (নিপুণ,পাৰদৰ্শী,সুদক্ষ):-

a.He is adept in swimming.

b.He is adept at computer.

4.Affect (ভাও জুৰা,প্ৰভাৱিত কৰা):-

a.He affected dumbness.

b.His opinion will not affect my decision.

Effect (প্ৰভাৱ,কৰ্মৰ ফল,পৰিণাম,পৰিণতি,ফল,সম্পন্ন কৰা,সফল হোৱা):-

a.He effected great reforms in a short time.

b.This medicine took effect quickly.

c.The rule is still in effect.

d.The rain had a positive effect on the harvest.

5.Amiable (অমায়িক,শিষ্ট,সৌজন্যপূৰ্ণ,নম্ৰ):-

a.Mr Sharma is an amiable person.

Amicable (বন্ধুভাবাপন্ন):-

a.Both the parties came to an amicable settlement.

b.They made an amicable settlement among them.

6.Beside( কাষত):-Sit beside me.

Besides ( উপৰিও) :-.Besides this,I have an another pen.

7.Childish ( শিশুৰ দৰে,ল'ৰামতীয়া,বেয়া অৰ্থত):-Nobody likes him for his childish behaviour.

Childlike ( শিশুসুলভ,সৰল,নিষ্পাপ শিশুৰ দৰে,ভাল অৰ্থত):-Everybody likes him for his childlike behaviour.

8.Cast ( নিক্ষেপ কৰ ,দলিয়া।

দলি মাৰ,সাঁ‌চ):-

a.The boy cast a stone into the water.

b.She cast a quick look to him.

c.I cast my vote for you.

Caste (জাতি,বৰ্ণ,জাত-পাত):-

a.He is a Brahmin by caste.

9.Cite (উল্লেখ কৰা):-He cited a line from the poem.

Site (ঠাই):-a.The site of the school is excellent.

b.The site for the new office has not been decided yet.

10.Die(মৃত্যু)- He died of fever.

dye.(ৰং কৰা):-I shall dye my hair tomorrow.

11.Discover (আগৰেপৰা থকা বস্তু আবিষ্কাৰ কৰা):-Columbus discovered America.

Invent (সম্পূৰ্ণ নতুন  বস্তু আবিষ্কাৰ কৰা):-Galileo invented the telescope.

12.Eligible (যোগ্য):- He is eligible for the post.

illegible (অস্পষ্ট):-He failed in the examination for his illegible handwriting.

13.Emigrant ( স্বদেশ ত্যাগ কৰি আন দেশত বসবাস কৰা লোক,প্ৰৱাসী):-Mr Goswami is an emigrant.

Immigrant (বিদেশৰ পৰা আহি স্থায়ীভাবে বসবাস কৰা লোক,বহিৰাগত)

a.Assam is full of illegal immigrants of Bangladesh.

14.Eminent ( প্ৰসিদ্ধ,বিখ্যাত):-Mr sharma is an eminent doctor.

Imminent (আসন্ন) :-He was in imminent danger..

15.Fair (সুন্দৰ):- Geeta is a fair girl.

Fare (ভাৰা) :- He has given the bus fair.

The Lake Isle of Innisfree - Questions answers.

1.Name the poet of the poem" The Lake Isle if Innisfree"?(The Lake Isle of Innisfree নামৰ কবিতাটোৰ কবিজনৰ নাম লিখা)

Ans-The name of the poet of the poem "The Lake Isle of Innisfree is William Butler Yeats.

2.Where does the poet want to go?(কবিয়ে কলৈ যাব বিচাৰিছে?)

ans-The poet wants to go to Innisfree.

3.How will the poet live there?(কবিয়ে তাত কেনেকৈ বসবাস কৰিব?)

Ans-The poet will live alone in the small cabin enjoying the natural beauty of that island.

4.How many rows of bean will the poet have?(কৰিয়ে কেই শাৰী বীন তাত ৰুব?)

Ans-The poet will have nine rows of bean.

5.What are the things does the poet propose to have around the cabin?(সৰু ঘৰটোৰ  চাৰিওফালে কবিয়ে কি কি থকাটো বিচাৰিছে?

Ans- The things that the poet proposes to have around the cabin are nine rows of bean and a beehive.

6.How will the midnight be looked at Innisfree?(ইনিছফ্ৰী ত দুপৰ নিশা ৰ পৰিবেশ কেনে দেখা যায়?)

Ans-The midnight will be looked glimmer at Innisfree.

7.What will the poet hear in the evening?

(কবিয়ে সন্ধ্যা কি শুনিব?)

Ans -The poet will hear the songs of linnets in the evening.

8.What does the poet hear night and day?(কবিয়ে দিনে-নিশাই কি শুনে?)

Ans - The poet hears the lake water lapping with low sounds by the shore day and night.

9.Where will the poet go and why?(কবিয়ে কলৈ যাব আৰু কিয়?)

Ans:-The poet will go to Innisfree to have some peace as he longs for peace and tranquillity.

10.What does the poet hear in his deep heart's core?(কবিয়ে তেখেতৰ হৃদয় ৰ গভীৰ অন্তস্থলত কি শুনে?)

Ans-The poet hears the lake water lapping  with low sounds by the shore in his deep heart's core.

11.What kind of place is innisfree?(ইনিছফ্ৰী কেনে ধৰণৰ ঠাই?) 

Ans-Innisfree is a beautiful place full of natural beauty.

12.What will the poet do in Innisfree?(কবিয়ে Innisfree ত কি কৰিব?)

Ans-The poet will made a small cabin with clay and wattles.He will have nine rows of bean and he will also have a beehive there.He will spend his time enjoying the natural beaty of that beautiful place and live alone in the bee-loud glade.

Coorg (Question-Answers) Class X

1.Where is Coorg Situated?(কোৰ্গ ক'ত অৱস্থিত?)

Ans:-Coorg is situated midway between Mysore and the coastal town of Mangalore.

2.Who lives in the land of rolling hills?

(সৰু সৰু শিলাখণ্ডৰে গঠিত পাহাৰশ্ৰেণীৰ সেই অঞ্চল টোত কোন বসবাস কৰে?)

Ans:-A proud race of martial men,beautiful women,and wild creatures live in the land of rolling hills.

3.What is the another name of Coorg?

(কোৰ্গ ৰ অন্য এটা নাম কি?)

Ans:- The another name of Coorg is Kodagu.

4.Name the smallest district of Karnataka.(কৰ্ণাতকৰ আটাইতকৈ সৰু জিলাখনৰ নাম লিখা)

Ans:-The name of the smallest district of Karnataka is Coorg or Kodagu.

5.What is coorg home to? (কোৰ্গ কিহৰ গৃহভূমি?)

Ans:- Coorg is home to evergreen rainforest,spices and coffee plantation.

6.How much of evergreen rainforests cover of Coorg?(কোৰ্গৰ কিমান শতাংশ চিৰসেউজীয়া বৰ্ষাৰণ্য ই আৱৰি আছে?)

Ans:- Evergreen rainforests cover thirty percent of Coorg.

7.When the season of joy commences in Coorg?(আনন্দ ৰ ঋতু কোৰ্গ ত কেতিয়া আৰম্ভ হয়?)

Ans:-The season of joy commences in Coorg from September and continues til March.

8.What is the  descent of the people of Coorg?(কোৰ্গ ৰ মানুহবিলাক কি বংশৰ হয়?)

Ans :-The people of Coorg are possibly of Greek or Arabic.

9.What is Kuppia?(কুপিয়া কি?)

Ans:- Kuppia is a long,black coat with an embroidered waist-belt worn by the Kodavus.

10.What is kuffia?(কুফিয়া কি?)

Kuffia is the dress worn by the Arabs and the Kurds.

11.Who is the first chief of the Indian Army?(ভাৰতীয় আৰ্মি ৰ প্ৰথমজন সেনাধ্যক্ষ কোন আছিল?)

Ans:- General Cariappa is the first chief of the Indian Army.

12.whom are permited to carry firearms without a licence in India?(অনুজ্ঞা পত্ৰ নোহোৱাকৈয়ে ভাৰতত কাক আগ্নেয়াস্ত্ৰ কঢ়িয়াই লৈ ফুৰিবলৈ অনুমতি দিয়া হয়?)

Ans-Kodavus are the only people in India permitted to carry firearms without a licence.

13.Name the river of Coorg.(কোৰ্গ ৰ নদী খনৰ নাম লিখা।)

Ans:- The name of the river of Coorg is Kaveri.

14.From where the river, Kaveri obtains its water?(কাবাৰী নদীখনে ইয়াৰ পানী ক'ৰপৰা পায়?)

The river,Kaveri obtains its water from the hills and forests of Coorg?

15.What is the name of the large fish found in the river of Coorg?(কোৰ্গ ৰ নদীত পোৱা ডাঙৰ মাছ টোৰ নাম কি?)

The name of the large fish found in the river of Coorg is Mahaseer.

16.How are the squirrels and langurs enjoying?(কেৰ্কেটোৱা আৰু লেংগুৰ বান্দৰ বিলাকে কেনেকৈ আনন্দ উপভোগ কৰিছে?)

Ans-The squirrels and langurs drop the the partially eaten fruits in the clear water and enjoy the splash and the ripple effect creates in the water.

17.What are the 'high energy adventure games' of coorg?(কোৰ্গ ৰ উচ্চ শক্তিসম্পন্ন দুসাহসিক খেলসমূহ কি কি?)

Ans- The 'high energy adventure games' of coorg are river rafting,canoeing,rappelling,rock climbing,mountain biking etc.

18.What are the animals found in coorg?

(কোৰ্গ ত পোৱা জীৱ-জন্তু বোৰ কি কি?)

Ans-The animals found in Coorg are birds,bees,butterflies,Macaques,Malabar squirrels,langurs,slender loris and wild elephant.

19.From where one can see the panoramic view of the entire misty landscape of Coorg?(কোৰ্গ ৰ মনোৰম দৃশ্য ক'ৰপৰা ভালদৰে দেখা পোৱা যায়?)

Ans- One can see the panoramic view of the entire misty landscape of Coorg from the Brahmagiri hills.

20.Name the island of Coorg and what is its area?কোৰ্গৰ দ্বীপ টোৰ নাম কি আৰু ইয়াৰ কালি কিমান?

Ans:- The name of the island of Coorg is Nisargadhama and the area of this island is sixty four acre.

21.Where the largest Tibetan settlement of Buddhist Monks are found in Coorg?

(অধিকসংখ্যক তিব্বতৰ পৰা অহা বৌদ্ধ ধৰ্মৰ সন্যাসী ক কোৰ্গৰ কোন অঞ্চলত দেখিবলৈ পোৱা যায়?)

Ans-The largest Tibetan settlement of Buddhist Monks are found in the area of Bylakuppe in Coorg.

22.Who are Kodavus?(kodavu সকল কোন?)

Ans-Kodavus are the people of Coorg or Kodagu.

Past Tense

Past tense (অতীত কাল) :-

a)past Indefinite:-অতীত কালত সংঘটিত হোৱা ঘটনা বা কামৰ কথা বুজাবলৈ Past Indefinite Tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।যেনে - 

a)He went to Shillong last year.

b)They did the work yesterday.

Form  :- Subject+Verb(past)+Object

Words- Yesterday,last night,last month,last year etc.

b)Past Continuous:- অতীত কালত কোনো এটা কাম হৈ আছিল বা চলি আছিল,তেনে অৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ Past Continuous Tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।যেনে :-

a)He was reading a novel yesterday.

b)They were playing football yesterday.

c)When he came I was reading a book.

d)The old man fell down while he was crossing the road.

e)He was playing on a violin then.

Form :- 

Subject +was/were+Verb+ing+Object

Words :- When,while,then.

C)Past perfect:- অতীত কালৰ কোনো এক নিৰ্দিষ্ট মূহুৰ্ত ৰ আগে আগে কোনো এটা কাৰ্য সংঘটিত হৈছিল,তেনে অৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ এই Tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।

                         বা

অতীতৰ দুটা কামৰ যিটো আগেয়ে সংঘটিত হয়,সেই কামৰ কথা বুজাবলৈ এই Tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।যেনে :-

a)The train had left before we reached the station.

b)He had gone out before I arrived.

c) He came after I had gone.

Form :- 

Subject+had+verb( past participle)+Object

Word- after,before.

d)Past perfect continuous Tense:-অতীত কালৰ কোনো এটা সময়ত কোনো এটা কাম আৰম্ভ হৈ অতীত কালৰেই কোনো এটা সময়লৈকে চলি আছিল,তেনে অৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ এই Tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।যেনে :-

a)He had been doing the work for three hours yesterday.

b)They had been playing football since morning yesterday.

He had been talking for over half an hour before they arrived.

Form :-  

Subject+had been +Verb +ing+Object

Tense (present continuous,present perfect ,present perfect continuous)

Present Tense

a)Present Indefinite

সদায় হোৱা কাম,চিৰসত্য ঘটনা,অভ্যাসগত কাম গতানুগতিক অৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ--

I always go to school at 8:30 a.m.

The sky is blue.

He drinks coffee.

The man goes to Delhi twice in a year.

Subject টো 3rd person singular number হ'লে verb ৰ পিছত s নাইবা es ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা

হয় ।যেনে

He reads novel.

He always goes to school.

He studies well.

Third person words:-He,she,it,Name of a man,name of an animal,name of a thing. 

words:-Always, regularly, usually, generally, daily, rarely, Occasionally, often, sometimes, never ,Each day, every day, once a day, twice a year ,Thrice a month etc.

b) Present Continuous tense:-

বৰ্তমান কোনো এটা কাম চলি আছে বুজাবলৈ এই tense ব্যবহাৰ কৰা হয়।যেনে

i)I am reading a book now.

ii)He is playing football now

iii)They are playing cricket.

Form-(গঠন)

Subject+is/am/are+verb+ing+object

Is:-Third person singular number Subject ৰ পিছত ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।যেনে -

She is dancing.

The cow is grazing.

am:- কেৱল I ৰ লগত হে am ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।

I am writing a letter now.

are:-used after plural number's  Subject.

subject টো বহুবচন হ'লে ইয়াৰ পিচত are ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।যেনে -

They are swimming.

The boys are singing.

Word:- now

c)Present Perfect tense:-

এইমাত্ৰ কোনো এটা কাম শেষ হৈছে,তেনে অৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ,

                                  বা 

অলপ আগতে কোনো এটা কাম শেষ হৈ তাৰ ফল এতিয়াও বাকী আছে,তেনে অৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ এই tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়। যেনে :-

I have completed the work just now.

He has gone out just now.

Form-

Subject+have/has+Verb(past participle)

+Object

have:-বহুবচন subject ৰ পিচত ব্যবহাৰ কৰা হয়। (But though 'I' is singular,we use 'have' after it.)যেনে

They have done it.

I have done it.

has:-একবচন subject ৰ পিচত ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।

যেনে-The boy has made the kite.

Ram has done the sum.

Words:-just,just now yet,already.

a)He has just gone out.

b)He has arrived just now.

c)He has not completed the work yet.

d)I have already completed the work.

d)Present Perfect cotinuous tense

আগতে কামটো আৰম্ভ হৈ বৰ্তমানলৈকে চলি আছে বুজাবলৈ--

                     বা

অতীত ৰ কোনো এটা সময়ত কোনো এটা কাম আৰম্ভ হৈ বৰ্তমানলৈকে চলি আছে,তেনে অৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ এই Tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।

যেনে -

a)I have been reading the book for two hours.

b)He has been living in this village since 1990.

Form- 

Subject+have been/has been+Verb+ing +Object

Word - Since,for.

questions-Answers Discussion

1)She just (reach) home.

Ans- She has just reached home.

2)we (live) here since 1980.

Ans-We have been living here since 1980.

3)She usually (go) out for a walk in  the evening.

Ans- She usually goes out for a walk in  the evening.

4)He (sleep) and cannot meet you now.

Ans - He is sleeping and cannot meet you now.

5)He (do) the work since monday last.

Ans- He has been doing the work since monday last.

6)If you (neglect)your studies,you will fail.

Ans-If you neglect your studies,you will fail.

7.He is not here.He (go) out.

Ans-He is not here.He has gone out.

8) I (not take) my breakfast yet.

Ans- I have not taken my breakfast yet.

9)They (live) in Delhi for ten years.

Ans-They have been living in Delhi for ten years.

10) They (watch) t.v since 5 p.m.

Ans-They have been watching t.v since 5:00 p.m.

Tense (Present, Past. Future)

                      Tense (কাল বা সময়)

Tense কি?

=Tense এ সময়ক বুজায়।সময়ৰ বিভিন্ন মূহুৰ্ত্ত বিলাক বুজায়।আমি কোৱা সকলো কথা একো একোটা নিৰ্দিষ্ট সময়ৰ হয়।যেনে -

a)I eat rice(মই ভাত খাওঁ).

b)I am eating rice(মই ভাত খাই আছো).

c)I have finished the work just now(মই এইমাত্ৰ কামটো শেষ কৰিলো).

d)I have been doing the work for two hours(মই দুই ঘণ্টা ধৰি কামটো কৰি আছো).

e)I went to town yesterday(মই কালি চহৰলৈ গৈছিলো).

f)He will go to London next week.(সি অহা মাহত লণ্ডন যাব) ইত্যাদি ।

             ওপৰৰ বাক্যবিলাকত একোটা নিৰ্দিষ্ট সময়ৰ কথা বুজাইছে।গতিকে Tense এ সময়ক বুজায় আৰু বাক্যটোৰ ক্ৰিয়া পদটোৱে অৰ্থাৎ Verb টোৱে সেই সময়টোক বৰ্ণনা কৰিছে।সেয়ে আমি কব পাৰো যে,

Tense is the time which is  described by a verb.

Tense 3 প্ৰকাৰ।

1.Present tense (বৰ্তমান কাল)

2.past tense.(অতীত কাল)

3Future tense(ভবিষ্যত কাল)

প্ৰত্যেকৰে 4 টাকৈ ভাগ আছে।

Present Tense ৰ ভাগ।

i)present Indefinite or Simple present Tense

ii)Present Continuous tense

iii)Present perfect tense

iv)Present perfect Continuous tense

Past Tense ৰ ভাগ

i)Past Indefinite or Simple past tense

ii)Past continuous tense

iii)Past Perfect tense

Iv)Past perfect continuous tense

Future Tense ৰ ভাগ

i) Future Indefinite or simple future tense

ii) Future continuous tense

iii) Future perfect tense

iv) Future perfect continuoua tense.

PRESENT TENSE

i)Present Indefinite tense:-

সদায় হোৱা কাম, চিৰসত্য ঘটনা, অভ্যাসগত কাম আৰু গতানুগতিক অৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ এই Tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।

          গতিকে Present Indefinite বুলি কলে আমি এই 4 টা কথা মনত ৰাখিব লাগিব।

১)সদায় হোৱা কাম,

২)চিৰসত্য ঘটনা

৩)অভ্যাসগত কাম

৪)গতানুগতিক অৰ্থ

সদায়  হোৱা কাম (Daily Routine) :-

a) I always go to school.

b) I get up at 5:30 a.m.

চিৰসত্য ঘটনা(Universal Truth or Univarsal Facts):-

a)Man is Mortal.

b)The earth moves round the sun.

অভ্যাসগত কাম (Habitual works) :-

a)We eat Rice

b)He smokes cigarette.

গতানুগতিক অৰ্থ (Continually happening works)

গতানুগতিক মানে হ'ল মাজে মাজে হোৱা,এক নিৰ্দিষ্ট সময়ৰ মূৰে মূৰে সংঘটিত হোৱা ঘটনা।

যেনে -

a) He comes here twice in a day.

b)He goes to Delhi Once in a month.

present Indefinite tense ৰ form (গঠন):-

Subject+Verb+Object (S+V+>O)

He plays football

ইয়াত

He-Subject

plays-Verb

football- Object

Subjects (কৰ্তা) :- যি কাম টো কৰে,

Verb ( ক্ৰিয়া)  :-কৰ্তাই কৰা কামটোৱেই হ'ল ক্ৰিয়া।

Object ( কৰ্ম)- কৰ্তাই যাৰ ওপৰত ভিত্তি কৰি কামটো কৰে,সিয়েই কৰ্ম।

Present Indefinite tense ৰ বাক্য লিখোতে বা কৰোতে verb ৰ পিছত s, es , আৰু ies ব্যবহাৰ কৰা হয় যদিহে subject টো 3rd person,singular number  হয়।

Person (পুৰুষ)

1st person(প্ৰথম পুৰুষ)- যি কয়,

2nd person(দ্বিতীয় পুৰুষ) - যাক কোৱা হয়,

3rd person(তৃতীয় পুৰুষ) -যাৰ বিষয়ে কোৱা হয়।

numbers(বচন)

1.singular number (একবচন):- এজন ব্যক্তি বা এটা বস্তু ক বুজায়।

2.Plural number (বহুবচন) :- দুজন বা তাতকৈ অধিক ব্যক্তিক বা দুটা বা ততোধিক বস্তু ক বুজায়।

ies  যোগ হোৱা verbs :-

যদি কোনো এটা শব্দ ৰ শেষত  Y থাকে আৰু y ৰ আগত consonant থাকে,তেতিয়া y ৰ ঠাইত i কৰি es যোগ  কৰা হয়।যেনে -

      

Try-tries,

cry-cries

study-Studies,

fly-Flies ইত্যাদি।

a)He tries hard.

b)He studies well

c)Bird flies in the sky. 

কিন্তু শেষত y থাকিলেও যদি y ৰ আগত vowel থাকে,তেতিয়া ies যোগ কৰা নহয়।তেতিয়া তেনে শব্দৰ শেষত s যোগ কৰা  হব।যেনে -

Play-Plays

stay-stays

es যোগ হোৱা Verbs :-

যিবোৰ শব্দৰ শেষত ss,x,ch,sh,zz  আদি থাকে,তেনেবিলাক শব্দ ৰ শেষত es যোগ কৰা হয়।যেনে -

catch-catches

finish-finishes,

fix-fixes,

confess-confesses,

push-pushes

শব্দৰ শেষত Vowel  'O' থাকিলে verb ৰ পিছত es যোগ কৰা হয়।যেনে-

Do-does,

Go- goes

s যোগ হোৱা verbs :-

শব্দৰ শেষত Y আৰু y ৰ আগত vowel থাকিলে s যোগ হয়।যেনে  -

Play - Plays

He plays football.

যিবোৰ verb ৰ শেষৰ আখৰ টো consonant হয়,তেনেবোৰ verb  ৰ   শেষত সধাৰণতে s যোগ হয় ।যেনে-

run-runs,

eat-eats

a.He runs very fast.

b.Cat eats mouse.

Verb ৰ শেষত e,ee থাকিলে s যোগ হয়।যেনে-

Come-comes

see-sees

a)He comes here once in a year.

b)The boy sees a bird in the sky.

Words :- (Present Indefinite tense identification word)(present tense চিনাক্তকৰণৰ কিছুমান শব্দ) :----

Always, regularly, usually, generally, daily,

Occasionally, Rarely, often, sometimes, never,

every day, every week, every month, every year, each day ,each week, each month, each year, once in a day, once in a week, once in a month, once in a year, Twice in a day, twice in a week, twice in a month, twice in a year etc.

Questions-Answers

1.water (flow) downwards.

ans-Water flows downwards.

2.The train (arrives) at 9:00 a.m everyday.

Ans-The train arrives at 9:00 a.m everyday.

3.The old man (go) out for a walk regularly in the morning.

ans-The old man goes out for a walk regularly in the morning.

4.He usually (take) his breakfast at 7:00 a.m.

Ans - He usually takes his breakfast at 7:00 am.

5.Ice (float) on water.

Ans :- Ice floats on water.

b) Present Continuous tense:-

বৰ্তমান কোনো এটা কাম চলি আছে বুজাবলৈ এই tense ব্যবহাৰ কৰা হয়।যেনে

i)I am reading a book now.

ii)He is playing football now

iii)They are playing cricket.

Form-(গঠন)

Subject+is/am/are+verb+ing+object

Is:-Third person singular number Subject ৰ পিছত ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।যেনে -

She is dancing.

The cow is grazing.

am:- কেৱল I ৰ লগত হে am ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।

I am writing a letter now.

are:-used after plural number's  Subject.

subject টো বহুবচন হ'লে ইয়াৰ পিচত are ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।যেনে -

They are swimming.

The boys are singing.

Word:- now

c)Present Perfect tense:-

এইমাত্ৰ কোনো এটা কাম শেষ হৈছে,তেনে অৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ,

                                  বা 

অলপ আগতে কোনো এটা কাম শেষ হৈ তাৰ ফল এতিয়াও বাকী আছে,তেনে অৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ এই tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়। যেনে :-

I have completed the work just now.

He has gone out just now.

Form-

Subject+have/has+Verb(past participle)

+Object

have:-বহুবচন subject ৰ পিচত ব্যবহাৰ কৰা হয়। (But though 'I' is singular,we use 'have' after it.)যেনে

They have done it.

I have done it.

has:-একবচন subject ৰ পিচত ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।

যেনে-The boy has made the kite.

Ram has done the sum.

Words:-just,just now yet,already.

a)He has just gone out.

b)He has arrived just now.

c)He has not completed the work yet.

d)I have already completed the work.

d)Present Perfect cotinuous tense

আগতে কামটো আৰম্ভ হৈ বৰ্তমানলৈকে চলি আছে বুজাবলৈ--

                     বা

অতীত ৰ কোনো এটা সময়ত কোনো এটা কাম আৰম্ভ হৈ বৰ্তমানলৈকে চলি আছে,তেনে অৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ এই Tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।

যেনে -

a)I have been reading the book for two hours.

b)He has been living in this village since 1990.

Form- 

Subject+have been/has been+Verb+ing +Object

Word - Since,for.

questions-Answers Discussion

1)She just (reach) home.

Ans- She has just reached home.

2)we (live) here since 1980.

Ans-We have been living here since 1980.

3)She usually (go) out for a walk in  the evening.

Ans- She usually goes out for a walk in  the evening.

4)He (sleep) and cannot meet you now.

Ans - He is sleeping and cannot meet you now.

5)He (do) the work since monday last.

Ans- He has been doing the work since monday last.

6)If you (neglect)your studies,you will fail.

Ans-If you neglect your studies,you will fail.

7.He is not here.He (go) out.

Ans-He is not here.He has gone out.

8) I (not take) my breakfast yet.

Ans- I have not taken my breakfast yet.

9)They (live) in Delhi for ten years.

Ans-They have been living in Delhi for ten years.

10) They (watch) t.v since 5 p.m.

Ans-They have been watching t.v since 5:00 p.m.

Past tense (অতীত কাল) :-

a)past Indefinite:-অতীত কালত সংঘটিত হোৱা ঘটনা বা কামৰ কথা বুজাবলৈ Past Indefinite Tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।যেনে - 

a)He went to Shillong last year.

b)They did the work yesterday.

Form  :- Subject+Verb(past)+Object

Words- Yesterday,last night,last month,last year etc.

b)Past Continuous:- অতীত কালত কোনো এটা কাম হৈ আছিল বা চলি আছিল,তেনে অৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ Past Continuous Tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।যেনে :-

a)He was reading a novel yesterday.

b)They were playing football yesterday.

c)When he came I was reading a book.

d)The old man fell down while he was crossing the road.

e)He was playing on a violin then.

Form :- 

Subject +was/were+Verb+ing+Object

Words :- When,while,then.

C)Past perfect:- অতীত কালৰ কোনো এক নিৰ্দিষ্ট মূহুৰ্ত ৰ আগে আগে কোনো এটা কাৰ্য সংঘটিত হৈছিল,তেনে অৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ এই Tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।

                         বা

অতীতৰ দুটা কামৰ যিটো আগেয়ে সংঘটিত হয়,সেই কামৰ কথা বুজাবলৈ এই Tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।যেনে :-

a)The train had left before we reached the station.

b)He had gone out before I arrived.

c) He came after I had gone.

Form :- 

Subject+had+verb( past participle)+Object

Word- after,before.

d)Past perfect continuous Tense:-অতীত কালৰ কোনো এটা সময়ত কোনো এটা কাম আৰম্ভ হৈ অতীত কালৰেই কোনো এটা সময়লৈকে চলি আছিল,তেনে অৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ এই Tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।যেনে :-

a)He had been doing the work for three hours yesterday.

b)They had been playing football since morning yesterday.

He had been talking for over half an hour before they arrived.

Form :-  

Subject+had been +Verb +ing+Object

3. Future Tense

a) Future Indefinite Tense :- ভবিষ্যতে হবলগীয়া কামৰ কথা বুজাবলৈ এই tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়। যেনে - I shall do the work tomorrow.

Word - Tomorrow, next day, next week, next month etc.

Form - S+shall/will+V+O.

b) Future Continuous tense - ভৱিষ্যতে কোনো এটা কাম হৈ থাকিব বা চলি থাকিব, তেনে অৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ এই Tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়। যেনে - I shall be reading a novel at this time tomorrow.

Word - at this time tomorrow.

Form - S+shall be/will be+V+ing +O

c) Future Perfect tense :- ভৱিষ্যত কালৰ কোনো এক নিৰ্দিষ্ট মূহুৰ্তৰ আগে আগে কোনো এটা কাৰ্য সম্পাদন হব , তেনে অৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ এই Tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়। যেনে - 

I shall have done the work before 10.00 a.m tomorrow.

Form - S+shall have /will have+v(pp)+ O

d) Future perfect continuous tense - ভৱিষ্যত কালৰ কোনো এক নিৰ্দিষ্ট সময়লৈকে কোনো এটা কাৰ্য হৈ থাকিব বা চলি থাকিব, তেনে অৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ এই tense ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়। যেনে - I shall have been playing football for three hours tomorrow.

Form - S+shall have been/will have been+V+ing + Object