B.ed Q-Ans

CONTEMPORARY INDIA AND EDUCATION

BED 20100

1. 1.a. what is meant by inequality in education

Ans--

Inequality in education refers to disparities or differences in access to and quality of education among individuals or groups based on various factors such as socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity, gender, geographical location, disability, or other socio-cultural characteristics. These inequalities can manifest in several ways:

Access to Education:

Some individuals or communities may face barriers to accessing education due to factors such as poverty, lack of transportation, distance to schools, or discriminatory policies.

Educational Opportunities: Inequities in educational opportunities can arise from disparities in resources, funding, and facilities between schools or districts. Some schools may offer advanced placement courses, extracurricular activities, or specialized programs, while others may lack these resources.

Quality of Education:

Variations in the quality of education can lead to unequal learning outcomes. Schools serving disadvantaged communities may have fewer qualified teachers, outdated textbooks, inadequate infrastructure, or insufficient support services, resulting in lower academic achievement.

Achievement Gap:

The achievement gap refers to persistent disparities in academic performance between different groups of students, such as those based on race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, or language proficiency. This gap often reflects broader social inequalities and systemic barriers to educational attainment.

Graduation Rates:

Inequality in education can be reflected in disparities in graduation rates among different demographic groups. Students from marginalized backgrounds, such as low-income or minority students, may be more likely to drop out of school or face challenges in completing their education.

Higher Education Access:

Inequities in higher education access can stem from barriers such as lack of financial resources, limited availability of scholarships or financial aid, standardized testing requirements, or biased admissions practices.

Employment Opportunities:

Inadequate education can limit individuals' opportunities for employment and economic mobility, perpetuating cycles of poverty and social inequality. Discrimination in hiring practices based on educational background or credentials can further exacerbate these disparities.

Language and Cultural Barriers:

Language and cultural differences can create barriers to educational achievement for students from immigrant or minority backgrounds. Limited English proficiency or cultural mismatch between home and school environments may impede academic success.

Addressing inequality in education requires comprehensive efforts to promote equity, including policies and interventions aimed at ensuring equitable access to resources, opportunities, and support services for all students. This includes initiatives to reduce socioeconomic disparities, improve the quality of education in underserved communities, address systemic barriers to educational achievement, and promote inclusive and culturally responsive teaching practices.

b. What is meant by Social Diversity ? 

Ans--

Social diversity refers to the variety and differences among people in a society. These differences can be based on a range of factors, including but not limited to:

Race and Ethnicity: Variations in cultural heritage, nationality, language, and racial background.

Gender and Sexual Orientation: Differences in gender identities, roles, and sexual preferences.

Age: Diversity in age groups, from young children to the elderly.

Socioeconomic Status: Variations in wealth, income, education, and occupational status.

Religion and Belief Systems: Differences in religious beliefs, practices, and spiritual traditions.

Disability and Ability: Inclusion of individuals with different physical, mental, and cognitive abilities.

Cultural Practices: Diversity in customs, traditions, and cultural expressions.

Social diversity is important because it can enrich societies by bringing multiple perspectives, fostering innovation, promoting empathy and understanding, and enhancing social cohesion. Embracing social diversity can lead to more inclusive, equitable, and harmonious communities.

B.ed Previous year Questions only 

Name of the paper: ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION.

Paper Code: 20200

Full Marks: 80, Pass Marks: 32, Time: 3 Hrs.

UNIT-1: PERSPECTIVE ON ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION: (Marks-18)

1. Distinguish between assessment and evaluation. 4, 2016

2. Describe assessment from behaviouristic perspective. 4, 2016, 2022

3. Distinguish between norm-referenced and criterion-referenced assessment. 3+3=6, 2016

4. Distinguish between teacher-made test and standardize test. 4, 2016

5. Explain the concepts of Diagnostic and Perspective assessment. 2+2=4, 2017

6. Describe assessment from Constructivistic perspective. 4, 2017

7. Illustrate Selection and Supply type test items with appropriate examples. 3+3=6, 2017

8. What is meant by Formative assessment? State the purposes of Formative assessment. 2+2=4, 2017

9. Explain the term Evaluation in Education with appropriate examples. Describe the purposes of evaluation at the Secondary level of education. 2+6=8, 2018

10. Describe assessment from Cognitivistic perspective. 4, 2018

11. Distinguish between norm-referenced and criterion-referenced assessments.3, 2018

12. Explain the concept of norm-referenced and criterion-referenced assessments. 2+2=4, 2022

13. State the salient features of Formative assessment. 3, 2018

14. Explain the term Assessment in Education with appropriate examples. How it is related to Evaluation? 2+2=4, 2019

15. Describe any three principles of Evaluation. 3, 2019

16. Discuss assessment from Behaviouristic perspective highlighting its advantages and limitations. 7, 2019

17. What is meant by Diagnostic assessment? How does it differ from Prognostic assessment? 2+2=4, 2019

18. Explain the concept of Assessment. Explain its relationship with Evaluation. (Within 150 words). 1+2=3, 2021 or

19. Write three points supporting your views of interpreting the result of norm referenced and criteria referenced test. (Within 150 words) 3, 2021

20. Discuss assessment from constructivist perspective highlighting its advantages and disadvantages. (Within 300 words) 6, 2021 or

21. Distinguish between Teacher made and Standardized Test on the basis of their scope. (Within 300 words) 6, 2021

22. Write three distinctions between teacher made tests and standardized tests. 3, 2022 23.

UNIT-2: ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING: (Marks-12)

1. What is meant by collaborative learning? How can it be assessed? 2+4=6, 2016

2. What is meant by collaborative learning? Describe how collaborative learning can beassessed? 2+4=6, 2022

3. Describe seminar as a technique of assessment highlighting its advantages and disadvantages. 6, 2016 

4. Describe the advantages of self-assessment and peer-assessment. 3+3=6

5. What is meant by Social Skill? Mention any two Social Skills essential for Secondary school students. Describe how these can be assessed? 2+1+3=6, 2017

6. Describe Project Work or Portfolio as a technique of assessment highlighting its advantages and disadvantages. 6, 2017

6. How can assessment of information be used as input for learning? Explain. 3, 2018

7. What is meant by Portfolio Assessment? How would you plan Portfolio assessment for Secondary school students? Explain. 2+4=6, 2018 8. Write two uses of Portfolio Assessment. 2, 2022

9. Describe how peer-assessment can be used effectively in Secondary school classroom.3,2018

10. Discuss Projects and Seminars as devices of assessment, highlighting the skills assessed by them. 3+3=6, 2019

11. How is a group activity assessed? Explain. 3, 2019

12. Discuss how self-assessment can be used effectively in a Secondary level classroom. 3, 2019

13. What is input for learning? Describe its implications in the teaching learning process. (Within 150 words) 1+2=3, 2021

14. Being a Secondary School Teacher What and how group activities would you use in developing social skill of your students. (Within 150 words) 3,2021

15. Distinguish between Assessment and Projects with suitable examples. (Within 150 words) 3, 2021

16. Define formative and summative education. State the purposes of formative education. 2+2+4-8, 2022

17. Describe Assignment as a technique of assessment highlighting its merits and demerits. 4, 22

UNIT-3: PLANNING, CONSTRUCTION, IMPLEMENTATION AND REPORTING OF ASSESSMENT: (Marks-18)

1. What is meant by critical thinking? 2, 2016

2. Describe the techniques of assessing affective learning with special reference to assessment of attitude. 6, 2016

3. Describe the techniques of assessing affective learning with special reference to the interest and attitude. 2+2=4, 2022

4. What is meant by the design of a question paper? Prepare a design of a question paper of 50 marks on any subjects taught at secondary level. 2+4=6, 2016

5. What is meant by the design of a question paper? Prepare a design of a question paper for any subject area of secondary level. 1+5=6, 2022

6. What are the purposes of providing assessment feedback to different stakeholders? 4, 2016

7. What is meant by Divergent Thinking? How can it be assessed? Explain with appropriate examples. 2+2=4, 2017

8. Describe to techniques of assessing Psychomotor learning with special reference to the assessment of drawing and manipulating skills. 3+3=6, 2017

9. What is meant by 'Blue Print' of a question paper? Prepare the design and blue-print of a question paper of 50 marks on any subject taught at Secondary level. 2+2+4=8, 2017

10. Mention the salient features of Understanding level of learning. How would you assess the objectives of Understanding level? Explain with examples. 2+2=4, 2018

11. Describe the levels of Affective Learning. 6, 2018

12. What is meant by scoring key and marking scheme of a question paper? Explain with examples, 2+2=4, 2018

13. Describe the contents to be included in a comprehensive and Cumulative record card. 4, 2018

14. What is meant by Problem Solving skill? How would you assess Problem Solving skill in children? 2+2=4, 2019 15. Describe any one tool of assessing the objectives of Psychomotor domain. 3, 2019

16. What is meant by 'Blue Print' of a question paper? Prepare the design and blue-print of a question paper of 40 marks for any Secondary level school subject. 2+5=7, 2019

17. Describe the importance of providing assessment feedback to the students and their parents. 2+2=4, 2019

18. What is convergent thinking? How can it be assessed? Explains with appropriate examples. 2+2=4, 2022

19. Being a teacher how would you develop Convergent, Divergent and Critical thinking skill of your students? Describe briefly with suitable examples. (Within 150 words) 2×3=6, 2021

20. Describe the techniques of assessing affective learning with special reference to assessment of either attitude or values. (Within 300 words) 6, 2021

21. Define cognitive level of learning with suitable examples. (Within 150 words) 3, 2021

22. Prepare a replica covering the contents to be included in a comprehensive cumulative record card. 4, 2022

UNIT-4: ISSUES, CONCERNS AND TRENDS IN ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION: (Marks-12)

1. What is a Unit Test? What are the advantages of conducting unit test at the secondary level? 2+4-6, 2016

2. Define Unit Test. What are the merits of conducting Unit Test at Secondary Level? (Within 300 words) 6, 2021

3. Describe the relative advantages and disadvantages of grading system over marking system? 2+2=4, 2016

4. Mention two purposes of assessment as specified in the National Curriculum Framework, 2005. 2, 2016

5. Discuss briefly the main observations of National Curriculum Framework, 2005 on evaluation. (Within 300 words) 

6. Describe the importance of State and National Achievement Surveys. 2+2=4, 2017 6, 2021

7. Describe the relative advantages and disadvantages of Objective assessment over Subjective assessment. 3+3=6, 2017

8. Write any four advantages of online examination. 2, 2017

9. Describe the salient features of assessment and evaluation as envisaged in the National (NCF) 2005, 6, 2018 Curriculum Framework 

10. 'Non Detention Policy at the Elementary level is a sweet pill with bitter results'. Do you agree with the statement? Justify your answer. 6, 2018

11. Make a critical analysis of the existing practices of Assessment and Evaluation at the Secondary level in Assam. 6, 2019

12. What is meant by Grading system? Highlight the advantages of grading system over the marking system in reporting the results of assessment and evaluation. 2+4-6, 2019 13. Are you in favour of Marking or Grading system? Justify your answer. (Within 150 words) 3,2021

14. State the salient features of Semester System. Write the limitations of it. 4+2=6, 2022 15. What is non-detention policy? Discuss the demerits of this policy. 2+4-6, 2022

UNIT-5: USE OF STATISTICS IN EDUCATION: (Marks-20)

1. What is meant by Statistics? 2, 2018

2. Write any two educational significances of statistics. 2, 202.2

3. What is meant by measures of variability? 2, 2022

4. What are the situation in which mode is considered to be the best measures of central tendency? 2, 2016

5. Compute median from the following ungrouped data: 20, 15, 23, 11, 12, 19, 11, 20. 2, 16 6. Compute median from the following ungrouped data: 8, 11, 7, 7, 15, 20, 2, 2022

7. Mention two advantages of Mean as a measure of central tendency over Median Mode. 2, 2018

8. Mention two uses of Statistics in the field of Education. 2, 2019 . Mention two advantages of Standard Deviation as a measure of variability over Quartile Deviation. 2, 2019

10. Compute Mode of the following ungrouped data: 2, 2019 32, 26, 32, 28, 32, 40, 25, 22, 24, 25, 32, 25, 30, 25

B.ed previous years questions only

 Name of the paper: Contemporary India and Education Paper Code: 20100

Full Marks: 80, Pass Marks: 32, Time: 3 Hrs.

UNIT-1: CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISION OF EDUCATION: (Marks-15)

1. State the Article 29 of the Indian Constitution. 2, 2016, 2022

2. State the Article 46 of the Indian Constitution. 2, 2017

3. State the Article 28 (1, 2 & 3) of the Indian Constitution. 2, 2018

4. Constitutional Values related to the aims of education. (Short note, 5, 2016)

5. Implications of Fundamental Rights of Indian Citizens. (Short note, 5, 2017) 6. Constitutional Values related to the aims of Education. (Short note, 5, 2018)

7. What is Article 45 of the Indian Constitution? Discuss the importance of this article towards universalisation of elementary education in India. 2+4-6, 2022

8. What is the Article 45 of Indian Constitution? Discuss its implications in the context of present

elementary education system of India. (2+6=8, 2016) 9. What is meant by Directive Principles of State Policy? What are its chief characteristics?

Discuss the Socialist principles of Directive Principles. (2+2+4=8, 2017)

10. Discuss Article 45 of the Indian Constitution highlighting its implications in the context of present Elementary Education System of India. (8, 2018)

11. Discuss in brief any five Articles related to education in the Constitution of India. (7, 2021)

UNIT-2: SOCIAL DIVERSITY, INEQUALITY AND MARGINALISED SECTION: (Marks-15)

1. What is meant by Social Diversity? 2, 2016, 2018, 2022

2. What is meant by equity in Education? 2, 2017

3. Discuss the need for equality of educational opportunities in India. 3, 2022

4. Write about the alternative schooling in Indian Education. 3, 2022

5. Diversity at the level of individual. (Short note, 5, 2016)

6. Illustration of Gender Inequality in Schooling. (Short note, 5, 2017)

7. Concepts of equity and equality of educational opportunities. (Short note, 5, 2018)

8. What is gender inequality in school education? How does gender inequality in schooling affects the economic development of a country? Explain. 3+7=10

9. Discuss the nature and forms of inequalities in Indian Society with suitable examples. (8, 2016)

10. Discuss the concept of Social Diversity at the levels of Castes and Tribes with suitable

examples. (4+4=8, 2017) 11. Discuss the inequalities of Indian Society with special reference to Public Schools and Private

Schools. (4+4-8, 18)

12. Why do you need equality in educational opportunities? Distinguish between the concepts of equity and equality of educational opportunities. (8, 2021)

UNIT-3: POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR PUBLIC EDUCATION IN PRE INDEPENDENT INDIA: (M-15)

1. What were the issuers related to Anglicist Orientalist Controversy? 2, 2016

2. Write two recommendations of Wood's Despatch. 2, 2017

3. Write two recommendations of Curzon's policy. 2, 2018

4. What is Orientalist-Anglicist controversy? 2, 2022

5. Highlight the major recommendations of Wood's Despatch. 3, 2017

6. Discuss the contribution of Gokhle in the progress of Indian Education. 3, 2022

7. Main features of Basic Education Model. (Short note, 5, 2016)

8. Nationalist Movement and its impact on Indian Education at that time. (Short note, 5, 2017)

9. Nationalist movement and education. (Short note, 5, 2018)

10. How did the Clause 43 of the Charter Act of 1813 gave rise to a controversy? Discuss the controversy between Anglicist and Orientalist regarding education policy in India. 2+5=7

11. State the major recommendations of Curzon's Policy on Secondary Education. Mention how far these recommendations are relevant for the present education system in India. (4+4=8, 2017)

12. Critically analyse the impact of nationalist movement on education system of India. (8, 2016)

13. State the major recommendations of Wood's Despatch. How did these recommendations influence the Indian Education System of that time? 4+4, 2018

14. Describe the contribution of Nationalist Movement of India in the progress of education in pre-independent India. (8, 2021)

UNIT-4: POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR PUBLIC EDUCATION IN POST INDEPENDENT INDIA: (M-15)

1. Mention two basic objectives of RMSA. 2, 2016

2. What is the importance of RTE Act, 2009? 2, 2022

3. Write any six functions of RMS. 3, 2022

4. Role of SSA in Universalisation of Elementary Education. (Short note, 5, 2016)

5. Role of RMSA in Universalisation of Secondary Education. (Short note, 5, 2017)

6. Role of RMSA in Universalisation of Elementary Education. (Short note, 5, 2018)

7. Explain the recommendations of Secondary Education Commission 1951-53 with respect to teaching methodology. 5, 2022

8. Discuss the role of RMSA towards Universalization of Secondary Education in India. 5, 2022

9. State the major recommendations of Secondary Education Commission (1952-53). Mention how far these recommendations are relevant in the present education system in India. (4+4=8, 2016)

OR

10. State the main features of the Right to Education Act. 2009. How have these been implemented in Indian education system? (4+4=8, 2016)

11. Discuss the major recommendations of Kothari Commission (1964-66). Mention how these have been implemented in the Indian Education System. (6+4=10, 2017)

OR

12. Critically analyse the major recommendations of National Policy of Education (1986). (10, 2017)

13. State the major recommendations of Secondary Education Commission of India. Explain how these recommendations are still relevant in the present education system in India. (5+5=10,2018)

14. Discuss how the National Policy on Education (1986) gave a new direction to the Indian Education System. State the major recommendations of Secondary Education Commission 1952-53). Mention how far these recommendations are relevant in the present education system in India. (10, 2018)

15. Discuss the policy framework of National Policy of Education 1986 in the context of development of Indian Education. (7, 2021)

UNIT-5: NEW PRESPECTIVE IN EDUCATION: (Marks-20)

1. Define Peace Education. 2, 2017

2. Define Human Right Education. 2, 2018

3. Define sustainable development. 2, 2022

4. Discuss the role of education in promotion of peace. 3, 2022

5. Write about the importance of human right education. 3, 2022

6. Human Right Education. (Short note, 5, 2016)

7. Indicators of Quality in Education in the context of students' outcome. (Short note, 5, 2017)

8. Indicators of Quality in Education in the context of learning environment. (Short note, 5, 18)

9. Objectives of Value Education. (Short note, 5, 2018)

10. What is meant by human values? Discuss the role of education in inculcating of human values? (2+5=7, 2016)

11. What are the main objectives of environmental education? Discuss the strategies for integration of environmental concerns in school curriculum. (4+4=8, 2017)

16. Discuss the educational strategies to attain sustainable development. (6, 2017)

17. Discuss the role of values enshrined in Indian Constitution in formulating aims of Indian Education System. 6, 2022

18. What is meant by value crisis? Discuss the strategies for integration of values in secondary School Curriculum. (2+5=7, 2017)

19. Discuss the ways for integration of environmental concerns in School Curriculum with suitable examples. (8, 2018)

20. What is meant by quality in education? Suggest at least three measures for qualitative improvement of secondary Education in India. (4+6=10)

21. What is meant by Sustainable Development? Suggest at least three measures to promote Sustainable Development in developing countries like India. (4+6=10)

22. Define values. Write the objectives of education. What measures would you adopt to integrate values in the teaching learning process at the secondary level? 3+4+5=12